2013년 11월 28일 목요일

About 'receivables write off'|The Trade Receivables In MaeMode







About 'receivables write off'|The Trade Receivables In MaeMode








Financial               statement               information               almost               always               includes               receivables,               especially               for               public               companies.

Knowing               how               to               classify               and               account               for               them               in               your               books               will               make               your               statements               more               legitimate               and               prevent               problems               from               occurring               when               you're               under               audit.

While               this               article               offers               only               the               basics,               receivables               go               into               great               detail               which               you               may               need               to               consult               your               CPA               about.

However,               you               will               be               alerted               to               the               important               points               in               understanding               these               accounts.

One               further               point,               the               formatting               of               this               text               wouldn't               allow               for               indentations               to               make               the               presentation               simpler,               so               Debit               and               Credit               was               added               to               the               proper               entries.

Different               classes               of               receivables               include               those               from               customers               and               those               from               employees               and               shareholders.

To               make               things               easier,               here               we               will               focus               on               current               receivables,               or               those               that               are               due               within               one               year.

When               a               company               sells               a               product               or               service,               and               the               buyer               of               that               product               or               service               cannot               pay               in               full               at               the               time               of               sale,               a               receivable               is               incurred.

The               company               does               not               receive               cash               right               away,               and               thus               does               not               debit               cash,               but               accounts               receivable.

Let's               take               an               example               to               get               you               started.
               Zoop,               Inc.

sells               tiles.

On               March               10,               they               sold               5,000               tiles               at               $2               per               tile               to               Mark.

Mark               is               a               longtime               customer               of               Zoop's               and               can               only               pay               for               half               the               expense               at               this               time.

The               company               agrees               to               give               Mark               30               days               to               pay               the               balance.

Zoop               would               record               the               transaction               as               follows:
               Debit---               Accounts               receivable,               Mark               -               $5,000
               Credit--------------------------------               Sales               -               $5,000
               If               Mark               pays               the               balance               in               30               days,               the               company               would               simply               reverse               the               transaction               and               record               the               revenue               as               follows:
               Debit---               Cash               -               $5,000
               Credit------               Accounts               Receivable,               Mark               -               $5,000
               Most               of               the               time,               this               is               what               company's               record.

Occasionally,               however,               there               are               problems               with               obtaining               payment.

In               that               case,               the               company               sets               up               an               "allowance               for               doubtful               accounts"               account.

The               accountants               need               to               figure               out               a               percentage               of               credit               sales               that               historically               reflects               the               amount               of               payments               that               were               never               received.

One               way               to               do               this               is               by               the               percentage               of               sales               method.

Let's               say               Zoop               has               average               annual               credit               sales               of               $4,000,000.

Accountants               at               Zoop               estimate               that               2%               of               credit               sales               are               never               recovered.

The               computation               is               as               follows:
               Total               credit               sales:               $4,000,000
               Bad               debt               ratio:               2%               of               sales
               Allowance               account               threshold:               2%               x               $4               million=               $80,000
               The               resulting               entry               would               be:
               Debit--               Bad               debts               expense               -               $80,000
               Credit-----               Allowance               for               doubtful               accounts               -               $80,000
               If,               from               the               previous               example,               Mark               was               not               able               to               pay               the               balance,               the               company               would               take               the               loss               and               expense               it.

Their               new               entry               for               the               write-off               would               look               like               this:
               Debit--               Allowance               for               doubtful               accounts               -               $5,000
               Credit-------------               Accounts               Receivable,               Mark               -               $5,000
               This               new               entry               would               reduce               Zoop's               allowance               account               by               $5,000,               resulting               in               a               balance               of               $75,000:               Allowance               for               doubtful               accounts               $80,000               -               uncollectible               account               $5,000               =               $75,000               remaining.
               As               you               can               see,               receivables               are               quite               simple               when               customers               pay               the               balance               on               time.

The               only               real               complication               comes               about               when               companies               sell               their               receivables               to               other               willing               buyers,               in               order               to               obtain               most               of               the               cash               in               the               present.

But               that               is               outside               the               scope               of               this               article,               and               perhaps               will               appear               in               a               later               one.

For               now,               this               basic               understanding               of               receivables               will               help               you               with               about               90%               of               transactions.






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